Autoimmune Disease

Source: Abbas, Lichtman & Pillai, Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th ed.; Sakaguchi et al., Annual Review of Immunology 22, 2004

Finding

In autoimmune disease, the immune system’s distinction between self and non-self fails: it attacks the body’s own tissues. SLE targets multiple organs via anti-nuclear antibodies. Rheumatoid arthritis attacks joints. Type 1 diabetes destroys pancreatic beta cells. Multiple sclerosis attacks myelin. The underlying mechanism varies (molecular mimicry, epitope spreading, defective regulatory T cells) but the structural failure is consistent: the system that distinguishes self from non-self fabricates non-self where only self exists.

Properties Violated

Honesty violated — the immune system’s classification of self as non-self is a false assessment. The tissue is not foreign; the immune system says it is. This is the biological equator malfunctioning.

Non-fabrication — the immune system fabricates a threat. The antibodies are responses to threats that do not exist. The immune response is real; the threat is fabricated.

Proportion violated — inflammatory response is disproportionate to actual danger, which is zero.

Alignment violated — the immune system’s purpose (protect the organism) and its action (destroy the organism’s own tissues) are in direct opposition.

Connections

  • Cancer — cancer evades the immune system; autoimmunity is the immune system attacking without cause
  • Gaslighting — autoimmunity attacks self-recognition; gaslighting attacks self-trust ( Meta-Pattern 03)
  • Feedback Control — immune regulation is a feedback system that has malfunctioned
  • Distributed Systems and Consensus — immune consensus on self/non-self parallels Byzantine consensus
  • Prion Diseases — both involve molecular-level misclassification propagating pathologically

Status

Textbook immunology. Molecular mimicry: Fujinami and Oldstone (1985). Regulatory T cells: Sakaguchi et al. (2004). The equator metaphor is this project’s structural interpretation.


The mapping to the five properties is this project’s structural interpretation.